Day 19

 Hallo every body today I will speak about Electric Field

Electric Field

An electric field is an invisible force field caused by an electric charge. It is an alteration in the space (air or vacuum) around the charge. It results in an electric force that is felt by electric charges when placed close to one another. A static electric field is created when the charges are stationary, and the corresponding force is known as electrostatic force. The electric field is a vector quantity having both magnitude and direction.

Electric Field Lines and Direction

The strength and direction of the electric field are represented by electric lines of forces or electric field lines. They are imaginary lines drawn around a charge, the tangent at which gives the electric field vector. The lines are drawn with arrows to signify the direction. When a positive charge is placed close to a negative charge, like an electric dipole, the lines come out of the positive charge and terminate into the negative charge. Therefore, the direction of the field indicates the direction towards which a positive charge moves when it is placed under the influence of another charge.

Electric Field Flux

The flux of an electric field is defined as the number of field lines passing through a certain area in space. The area can represent a regular or irregular surface through which the lines pass. Mathematically, it is the dot product of the electric field and the area vector. The symbol ø denotes flux.

Electric Field Equation

The strength of the electric field in the space surrounding a source charge is known as the electric field intensity. Mathematically, an electric field is defined as the electric force experienced by a unit charge. The following equation gives the electric field vector.

Magnitude of Electric Field

The corresponding scalar equation gives the magnitude formula.

E: Electric field

F: Electric force

q: Electric charge

SI Unit: Volt/meter (V/m) or Newtons/Coulomb (N/C)

Dimensional Formula: [M L T-3 I-1]